IOTA

Overview

IOTA is an open-source public Layer 1 network built on a Directed Acyclic Graph (DAG) architecture that integrates the Move VM. It is designed to run smart contracts, digital assets, and digital identity directly on a permissionless chain, with a modular design supporting parallel transaction processing, low transaction costs, and application-level fee sponsorship.

The network is secured by a delegated proof-of-stake model and governed through onchain mechanisms. The IOTA token is used for network participation, staking, and validator rewards, while onchain activity requires fees that are paid and burned, alongside mechanisms such as refundable storage deposits. IOTA is also applied in real-world settings including digitalized trade documentation, digital product passports, business identity, and supply-chain data initiatives.